Difference between revisions of "Electrical and Magnetic Stimulation of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System:Modeling of Generated Fields and Data Interpretation"

Electrical and Magnetic Stimulation of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System:Modeling of Generated Fields and Data Interpretation (view source)

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+Here is the reduced abstract in English (300 words):
+Abstract
+Magnetic stimulation of the central and peripheral nervous system is widely used today in clinical neurophysiology to assess the functional status of motor efferent pathways and peripheral nerves. Introduced in the 1980s, this technique is based on the induction of high-intensity, rapidly changing magnetic fields (up to 2 T), which generate an electric field in nerve tissues through electromagnetic induction. Despite its widespread use, the technique remains largely empirical, with several areas for improvement in both technology and clinical applications.
+In recent years, although mathematical models simulating the induced fields have advanced, technological innovation in stimulators and coils has been limited, focusing primarily on changes in coil design. One particularly critical area is improving the focusing capability of the induced electric fields. The ability to focus the electric field in specific regions could significantly expand the applications of magnetic stimulation, such as studying nerve centers that control respiration or developing new methods for non-invasive ventricular defibrillation.
+Repetitive stimulation, using high frequencies (up to 50 Hz), has introduced challenges related to coil heating due to Joule heating. Similarly, the ability to focus the induced electric fields deeply within biological tissues remains limited. Current devices struggle to stimulate deep nerve tissues without affecting superficial regions, resulting in generalized stimulation and limited diagnostic value.
+Future development of magnetic stimulation devices will require not only improvements in coil construction but also new configurations that enhance the ability to focus the fields more precisely. Innovations such as multicoil programmable systems and toroidal coil models, which can reduce the energy required for stimulation, offer promising directions for extending the method’s use in both clinical and research settings.
 == Introduction ==