Difference between revisions of "Conclusions on the status quo in the logic of medical language regarding the masticatory system"

 

 

 

 

The narrative begins by discussing the limitations of current diagnostic practices in dentistry, highlighting the often overlooked complexity of the trigeminal system. The introduction of the 'Index <math>\Psi</math>' model is proposed as a solution to better assess the state of this system, emphasizing the need for a more refined and accurate diagnosis that goes beyond the observable symptoms and considers the underlying systemic interactions.

 

The chapter also delves into the philosophical underpinnings of scientific inquiry, invoking Thomas Kuhn's theory of paradigms to contextualize resistance to new diagnostic methods in the dental field. This is tied to the broader discussion of medical errors, where it's suggested that many diagnostic inaccuracies stem from outdated paradigms that fail to account for the complexities of human biology and the interplay between different bodily systems.

 

Moreover, the text critiques the traditional reliance on statistical significance in medical research, advocating for a shift towards a more probabilistic and nuanced interpretation of data, akin to methods used in quantum mechanics. This approach recognizes the limitations of deterministic models in capturing the probabilistic nature of biological phenomena.

 

Overall, the chapter proposes a paradigm shift in dental diagnostics from a purely mechanical interpretation of malocclusions to a more integrated, system-oriented view that incorporates neurophysiological insights. This shift is argued to be necessary for the development of more effective and individualized treatments that are informed by a deeper understanding of the masticatory system's complexity.<blockquote>

'''Trigeminal System Diagnostic Models''' - Focuses on innovative diagnostic approaches that integrate neurophysiological data to improve the accuracy of masticatory system assessments.

 

'''Quantum Mechanics in Dentistry''' - Explores the application of quantum mechanics principles to dental diagnostics, promoting a shift from classical to quantum probabilistic models.

 

 

 

'''Epistemology of Medical Knowledge''' - Examines the philosophical and epistemological foundations of medical knowledge, especially how knowledge is constructed and validated in the field of dentistry.

 

'''Medical Errors in Dentistry''' - Highlights the challenges and common errors in dental diagnostics, advocating for more precise and systemic approaches to avoid misdiagnosis.

 

'''Index Ψ in Dental Diagnostics''' - Introduces a new diagnostic tool designed to evaluate the trigeminal system's state more accurately, reflecting a shift towards more scientific and quantifiable measures in dental health assessment.</blockquote>

 

==Introduction==

==Errors and causes ==

*The diagnostic process is collaborative and involves the patient, the clinician, the healthcare system and its various stakeholders <ref>

*Contributing factors associated with misdiagnosis included dentist knowledge and skills, inadequate time, lack of communication between colleagues, and cognitive biases such as premature closure based on prior experience. Some participants perceived that an error only occurs when the choice of treatment leads to harm. The strategies suggested by the participants to prevent these errors required adequate time to investigate a case, form study groups, increase communication, and place greater emphasis on differential diagnosis.<ref>{{cita libro  

*'''standardized nomenclature''', which presupposes the need for formal methodologies, like in mathematical and physical sciences, and not subjective and/or exclusively descriptive models.

*the '''diagnostic process''' understood as an 'Observable' in which several elements are involved, such as the observer, the measuring instrument, the patient as well as the ability to interpret verbal language and decode the encrypted signal of the observed system;

== A coherent language==

*'''Epistemology of knowledge'''

Epistemology (from the Greek ἐπιστήμη, epistème, "certain knowledge" or "science", and λόγος, logos, "discourse") is that branch of philosophy that deals with the conditions under which scientific knowledge can be obtained and the methods to achieve such knowledge. The term specifically indicates that part of gnoseology that studies the foundations, validity and limits of scientific knowledge.

  | autore = Dettweiler Ulrich

  }}</ref> and all that is <nowiki>'</nowiki>'''Epistomology'''<nowiki>'</nowiki>, that almost spontaneously highlighted another fundamental passage that of 'Interdisciplinarity', a phenomenon that only with great effort is recognized as important as the specialized disciplines.  

*'''Interdisciplinarity'''

The proposed alternative philosophical paradigm, called the "Engineering Paradigm of Science" implies alternative philosophical assumptions regarding aspects such as the purpose of science, the character of knowledge, the epistemic and pragmatic criteria for the acceptance of knowledge and the role of technological tools. Consequently, scientific researchers need so-called metacognitive scaffolds to aid in the analysis and reconstruction of how "knowledge" is constructed in different disciplines. <ref>Boon M, Van Baalen S, «'''Epistemology for interdisciplinary research - shifting philosophical paradigms of science'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Eur J Philos Sci|Eur J Philos Sci]], 2019. <small>DOI:10.1007/s13194-018-0242-4</small> </ref><ref>Boon M, «'''An engineering paradigm in the biomedical sciences: Knowledge as epistemic tool'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Prog Biophys Mol Biol|Prog Biophys Mol Biol]], 2017.<small>DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.04.001</small> </ref> Precisely these 'Metacognitive Scaffolds' have allowed us to consider an important requirement in diagnostics that of 'basic knowledge' which tends to reduce the vagueness and ambiguity of the logic of medical language.<ref>Codish S, Shiffman RN, «'''A model of ambiguity and vagueness in clinical practice guideline recommendations'''», in [[:Category:Citations from AMIA Annu Symp Proc|AMIA Annu Symp Proc]], 2005.<small>PMID:16779019</small></ref>

*'''Logic of medical language'''

These premises <ref>Boon M, Van Baalen S, «'''Epistemology for interdisciplinary research - shifting philosophical paradigms of science'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Eur J Philos Sci|Eur J Philos Sci]], 2019<small>DOI:10.1007/s13194-018-0242-4</small> </ref> <ref>Boon M, «'''An engineering paradigm in the biomedical sciences: Knowledge as epistemic tool'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Prog Biophys Mol Biol|Prog Biophys Mol Biol]], 2017<small>DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.04.001</small></ref> led us to the description of 'Fuzzy logic' models in which the 'Basic knowledge' is stratified at multiple levels of the context in multiple disciplines, increasing its capacity in differential diagnosis. All this is '''Logic of medical language'''<nowiki/>' with which we followed the diagnostic process of our poor patient 'Mary Poppins' who for 10 years hoped to be made a certain diagnosis despite the various attempts of clinical scientific propositions in the dental and neurological context:

'''Propositions in the Dental Context'''  

<math>{\displaystyle \gamma _{3}}=</math>  CT right masseter muscle in Figure 8<center>

*The '''encrypted code''' sent out by the trigeminal system, the one to be decrypted, was:

<math>\psi(t_1)=\sqrt{p_1}|1\rangle |alive \rangle + \sqrt{p_0}|0\rangle |dead \rangle</math>

If the event <math>|1\rangle |healty \rangle</math> has a 50% chance of occurrence and the event <math>|0\rangle |sick \rangle</math> has 50% to occur then the formula becomes (less than phase factors)

'''<math>\psi(t)=\sqrt 50%|1\rangle |healthy \rangle + \sqrt 50%|0\rangle |sick \rangle</math>'''

'''<math>\psi(t)=\sqrt 0.5|1\rangle |healthy \rangle + \sqrt 0.5|0\rangle |sick \rangle</math>'''

| width="10%" |{{CD1}}Entry level:{{CD2}}

File:Occlusal Centric view in open and cross bite patient.jpg|'''Figure 14a:''' Patient in '' 'exit' '' from the Functional Neuro Gnathology department with referencing of 'Occlusal dismorphism' and not of 'Malocclusion'

File:Chirurgia Ortognatica 1.jpeg|'''Figure 14b:''' Patient in '' 'exit' '' from the Functional Neuro Gnathology department with severe 'Malocclusion' report to be treated immediately.  

| width="10%" | {{CD1}}Exit level:{{CD2}}

===Towards a model===

The model presented here above, of course, is remarkably complex because in this context only the conceptual procedure to follow has been presented: we will see later in the course of reading that everything will materialize in an interesting modeling of the trigeminal electrophysiological responses from which a clinical mesoscopic model will be created, of which we can already anticipate the name: 'Index<math>\psi</math>.  

Through this Index <math>\psi</math> we wikk be able to evaluate in detail, and quickly, the state of the trigeminal system, as well as to consider whether the patient is in 'Normocclusion' or in 'Malocclusion'

As you can see, the 'Neuro Evoked Centric' has re-established the previously lost neuromotor component, due to curarization with a 3 mm shift of the mandible to the right.