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Difference between revisions of "Conclusions on the status quo in the logic of medical language regarding the masticatory system"
Conclusions on the status quo in the logic of medical language regarding the masticatory system (view source)
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* '''Epistemology of knowledge''' | * '''Epistemology of knowledge''' | ||
<blockquote> Epistemology (from the Greek ἐπιστήμη, epistème, "certain knowledge" or "science", and λόγος, logos, "discourse") is that branch of philosophy that deals with the conditions under which scientific knowledge can be obtained and the methods to achieve such knowledge. The term specifically indicates that part of gnoseology that studies the foundations, validity and limits of scientific knowledge. | <blockquote> Epistemology (from the Greek ἐπιστήμη, epistème, "certain knowledge" or "science", and λόγος, logos, "discourse") is that branch of philosophy that deals with the conditions under which scientific knowledge can be obtained and the methods to achieve such knowledge. The term specifically indicates that part of gnoseology that studies the foundations, validity and limits of scientific knowledge. | ||
In fact, an almost unlimited value has been given to a statistical test such as <math>P-value</math> <ref>Amrhein V, Greenland S, McShane B, «'''Scientists rise up against statistical significance'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Nature|Nature]], 2019. | In fact, an almost unlimited value has been given to a statistical test such as <math>P-value</math> <ref>Amrhein V, Greenland S, McShane B, «'''Scientists rise up against statistical significance'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Nature|Nature]], 2019. <br><small>DOI:10.1038/d41586-019-00857-9</small></ref><ref>Rodgers JL, «'''The epistemology of mathematical and statistical modeling: a quiet methodological revolution'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Am Psychol|Am Psychol]], 2010.<br><small>DOI:10.1037/a0018326</small> </ref><ref>Meehl P, «'''The problem is epistemology, not statistics: replace significance tests by confidence intervals and quantify accuracy of risky numerical predictions» ''' in eds Harlow L. L., Mulaik S. A., Steiger J. H., What If There Were No Significance Tests? - editors. (Mahwah: Erlbaum, 393–425. [Google Scholar]</ref> and to the statistical data of a 'Classical Probability' based on Bayes' Theorem (which we will discuss in the next chapters)<ref>Sprenger J, Hartmann S, «'''Bayesian Philosophy of Science. Variations on a Theme by the Reverend Thomas Bayes'''», Oxford University Press, 2019, Oxford</ref> and then witness a relative brake on the subject <math>P-value</math> <ref>Wasserstein RL, Schirm AL, Lazar NA, «'''Moving to a World Beyond p < 0.05'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Am Stat|Am Stat]], 2019.<br><small>DOI:10.1080/00031305.2019.1583913</small> </ref><ref>Dettweiler Ulrich, «'''The Rationality of Science and the Inevitability of Defining Prior Beliefs in Empirical Research'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Front Psychol|Front Psychol]], 2019.<br><small>DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01866</small> </ref> and all that is <nowiki>'</nowiki>'''Epistomologia'''<nowiki>'</nowiki>, that almost spontaneously highlighted another fundamental passage that of 'Interdisciplinarity', a phenomenon that only with great effort is recognized as important as the specialized disciplines.</small></blockquote> | ||
<small>DOI:10.1038/d41586-019-00857-9</small> </ref><ref>Rodgers JL, «'''The epistemology of mathematical and statistical modeling: a quiet methodological revolution'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Am Psychol|Am Psychol]], 2010. | |||
<small>DOI:10.1037/a0018326</small> </ref><ref>Meehl P, «'''The problem is epistemology, not statistics: replace significance tests by confidence intervals and quantify accuracy of risky numerical predictions» ''' in eds Harlow L. L., Mulaik S. A., Steiger J. H., What If There Were No Significance Tests? - editors. (Mahwah: Erlbaum, 393–425. [Google Scholar]</ref> and to the statistical data of a 'Classical Probability' based on Bayes' Theorem (which we will discuss in the next chapters)<ref>Sprenger J, Hartmann S, «'''Bayesian Philosophy of Science. Variations on a Theme by the Reverend Thomas Bayes'''», Oxford University Press, 2019, Oxford</ref> and then witness a relative brake on the subject <math>P-value</math> <ref>Wasserstein RL, Schirm AL, Lazar NA, «'''Moving to a World Beyond p < 0.05'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Am Stat|Am Stat]], 2019. | |||
<small>DOI:10.1080/00031305.2019.1583913</small> </ref><ref>Dettweiler Ulrich, «'''The Rationality of Science and the Inevitability of Defining Prior Beliefs in Empirical Research'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Front Psychol|Front Psychol]], 2019. | |||
<small>DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01866</small> </ref> and all that is'<nowiki | |||
* '''Interdisciplinarity''' | * '''Interdisciplinarity''' | ||
<blockquote>IThe proposed alternative philosophical paradigm, called the "Engineering Paradigm of Science" implies alternative philosophical assumptions regarding aspects such as the purpose of science, the character of knowledge, the epistemic and pragmatic criteria for the acceptance of knowledge and the role of technological tools. Consequently, scientific researchers need so-called metacognitive scaffolds to aid in the analysis and reconstruction of how "knowledge" is constructed in different disciplines. <ref>Boon M, Van Baalen S, «'''Epistemology for interdisciplinary research - shifting philosophical paradigms of science'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Eur J Philos Sci|Eur J Philos Sci]], 2019. <small>DOI:10.1007/s13194-018-0242-4</small> </ref><ref>Boon M, «'''An engineering paradigm in the biomedical sciences: Knowledge as epistemic tool'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Prog Biophys Mol Biol|Prog Biophys Mol Biol]], 2017.<small>DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.04.001</small> </ref> Precisely these 'Metacognitive Scaffolds' have allowed us to consider an important requirement in diagnostics that of 'basic knowledge' which tends to reduce the vagueness and ambiguity of the logic of medical language.<ref>Codish S, Shiffman RN, «'''A model of ambiguity and vagueness in clinical practice guideline recommendations'''», in [[:Category:Citations from AMIA Annu Symp Proc|AMIA Annu Symp Proc]], 2005.<small>PMID:16779019</small></ref></blockquote> | <blockquote>IThe proposed alternative philosophical paradigm, called the "Engineering Paradigm of Science" implies alternative philosophical assumptions regarding aspects such as the purpose of science, the character of knowledge, the epistemic and pragmatic criteria for the acceptance of knowledge and the role of technological tools. Consequently, scientific researchers need so-called metacognitive scaffolds to aid in the analysis and reconstruction of how "knowledge" is constructed in different disciplines. <ref>Boon M, Van Baalen S, «'''Epistemology for interdisciplinary research - shifting philosophical paradigms of science'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Eur J Philos Sci|Eur J Philos Sci]], 2019. <small>DOI:10.1007/s13194-018-0242-4</small> </ref><ref>Boon M, «'''An engineering paradigm in the biomedical sciences: Knowledge as epistemic tool'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Prog Biophys Mol Biol|Prog Biophys Mol Biol]], 2017.<small>DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.04.001</small> </ref> Precisely these 'Metacognitive Scaffolds' have allowed us to consider an important requirement in diagnostics that of 'basic knowledge' which tends to reduce the vagueness and ambiguity of the logic of medical language.<ref>Codish S, Shiffman RN, «'''A model of ambiguity and vagueness in clinical practice guideline recommendations'''», in [[:Category:Citations from AMIA Annu Symp Proc|AMIA Annu Symp Proc]], 2005.<small>PMID:16779019</small></ref></blockquote> | ||
* '''Logic of medical language''' | * '''Logic of medical language''' | ||
<blockquote>These premises <ref>Boon M, Van Baalen S, «'''Epistemology for interdisciplinary research - shifting philosophical paradigms of science'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Eur J Philos Sci|Eur J Philos Sci]], 2019<small>DOI:10.1007/s13194-018-0242-4</small> </ref> <ref>Boon M, «'''An engineering paradigm in the biomedical sciences: Knowledge as epistemic tool'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Prog Biophys Mol Biol|Prog Biophys Mol Biol]], 2017<small>DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.04.001</small></ref> led us to the description of 'Fuzzy logic' models in which the 'Basic knowledge' is stratified at multiple levels of the context in multiple disciplines, increasing its capacity in differential diagnosis. All this is'''Logic of medical language'''<nowiki/>' with which we followed the diagnostic process of our poor patient 'Mary Poppins' who for 10 years hoped to be made a certain diagnosis despite the various attempts of clinical scientific propositions in the dental and neurological context: | <blockquote>These premises <ref>Boon M, Van Baalen S, «'''Epistemology for interdisciplinary research - shifting philosophical paradigms of science'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Eur J Philos Sci|Eur J Philos Sci]], 2019<small>DOI:10.1007/s13194-018-0242-4</small> </ref> <ref>Boon M, «'''An engineering paradigm in the biomedical sciences: Knowledge as epistemic tool'''», in [[:Category:Citations from Prog Biophys Mol Biol|Prog Biophys Mol Biol]], 2017<small>DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.04.001</small></ref> led us to the description of 'Fuzzy logic' models in which the 'Basic knowledge' is stratified at multiple levels of the context in multiple disciplines, increasing its capacity in differential diagnosis. All this is'''Logic of medical language'''<nowiki/>' with which we followed the diagnostic process of our poor patient 'Mary Poppins' who for 10 years hoped to be made a certain diagnosis despite the various attempts of clinical scientific propositions in the dental and neurological context: | ||
'''Propositions in the Dental Context''' | '''Propositions in the Dental Context''' | ||
<math>\delta_1=</math> Positive radiological report of the TMJ in Figure 2 | <math>\delta_1=</math> Positive radiological report of the TMJ in Figure 2 | ||
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<center> | <center> | ||
===Propositions in the Dental Context=== | |||
<gallery widths="350" heights="200" perrow="4" slideshow""=""> | |||
File:Spasmo emimasticatorio.jpg|'''Figure 1:''' Patient in '''entry''' in the Functional Neuro Gnathology Department who reported right hemilateral orofacial pain for 10 years with previous diagnosis of Temporomandibular Dysfunction. | File:Spasmo emimasticatorio.jpg|'''Figure 1:''' Patient in '''entry''' in the Functional Neuro Gnathology Department who reported right hemilateral orofacial pain for 10 years with previous diagnosis of Temporomandibular Dysfunction. | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||